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Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Types & Features Comparison


Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Types & Features Comparison Table

TypeStructural CharacteristicsTypical ApplicationsAdvantagesDisadvantages
Fixed Tube SheetTubes are fixed at both ends to the tube sheetSmall temperature difference, infrequent shell-side cleaningSimple structure, low costDifficult to clean shell side, not suitable for high temperature differences
Floating HeadOne end is fixed, the other end can move (floating)Large temperature difference, fouling fluids, frequent cleaningEasy to clean, accommodates thermal expansionComplex structure, higher cost
U-tubeTubes are bent into U-shape, fixed at one end onlyHigh thermal expansion conditionsCompact, good thermal expansion compensationDifficult to clean tube interiors, can't replace individual tubes
Double Tube SheetTwo tube sheets to separate fluids completelyPharmaceutical, food, corrosive mediaPrevents cross-contamination of fluidsHigher cost, more complex
Helical BaffleHelical flow path with spiral bafflesHigh-viscosity or fouling-prone fluidsLower pressure drop, higher efficiency, less foulingHigher manufacturing cost, complex design


Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger by Application

ApplicationDescription
HeaterHeats cold fluids using steam or hot water
CoolerCools down hot fluids
CondenserCondenses vapor into liquid
ReboilerUsed at the bottom of distillation towers to reboil liquid
EvaporatorPartially evaporates liquid to produce vapor
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